What is ‘Madeira Escudo’
The former currency of Madeira, an island off the coast of Portugal. The Madeira escudo was used as Madeira’s currency until it adopted the euro along with Portugal on January 1, 2002. Madeira belongs to Portugal, but has been an autonomous region since 1976, meaning that it has its own government and legislature and can make its own decisions on regional matters. It has Portugal’s second highest GDP after Lisbon and is a popular EU tourist destination, perhaps best known for its fortified wine production. The escudo was also the former official currency of Portugal until the adoption of the euro.
Explaining ‘Madeira Escudo’
Madeira along with Portgual adopted the euro to help facilitate trade among EU countries, eliminating the uncertainties imposed by fluctuating exchange rates and the need to exchange currencies before completing a transaction.
The euro also prevents individual EU member countries from inflating their currencies to eliminate government debt (though the EU central bank still has that power). Critics have pointed out that widespread implementation of the euro decreases currency competition, giving people fewer options for holding their money in a different currency when faced with wealth-eroding monetary policies such as inflation. Others have pointed out that widespread use of the euro could be followed by tax harmonization policies that would decrease tax competition among member states and stifle economic growth.
Further Reading
- Stock market development, financial development and economic growth in Portugal – ubibliorum.ubi.pt [PDF]
- Innovation study:" Economic contribution of the whale-watching industry for the Madeira Archipelago" – digituma.uma.pt [PDF]
- Madeira embroidery: A failed collective brand (1935–59) – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
- The Colonial Budgets, a Sophisticated Portuguese Late Imperialism Propaganda Device. – search.ebscohost.com [PDF]
- Establishing Suitable Strategies to Improve Sustainable Development in the Portuguese Ultraperipheral Regions of Madeira and the Azores. CEPS Working … – aei.pitt.edu [PDF]
- Social action in Portugal – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
- Introduction: Why to Study “The Portuguese – link.springer.com [PDF]
- Portugal restrictive, but Madeira comes to the rescue – heinonline.org [PDF]
- The Results of the 1971 Reform of – link.springer.com [PDF]
